Oracle DB 11g - Programming with PL/SQL

Description

This course starts with an introduction to PL/SQL and proceeds to list the benefits of this powerful programming language. Participants are made aware of how to create PL/SQL blocks of application code that can be shared by multiple forms, reports, and data management applications. In addition, creation of anonymous PL/SQL blocks as well as stored procedures and functions are covered in this course. Participants enhance their developer skills by learning to develop, execute, and manage PL\SQL stored program units such as procedures, functions, packages, and database triggers. Understanding the basic functionality of how to debug functions and procedures using the SQL Developer Debugger gives way to refined lines of code. Participants also learn to manage PL/SQL subprograms, triggers, declaring identifiers, and trapping exceptions. The utilization of some of the Oracle-supplied packages is also in the course. Additionally participants learn to use Dynamic SQL, understand design considerations when coding using PL/SQL, understand and influence the PL/SQL compiler, and manage dependencies. This course is the bundle of Oracle Database: PL/SQL Fundamentals and Oracle Database: Develop PL/SQL Program Units courses.

Outline

I. Introduction

• Course Objectives
• Course Agenda
• Describe the Human Resources (HR) Schema
• PL/SQL development environments available in this course
• Introduction to SQL Developer

II. Introduction to PL/SQL

• Overview of PL/SQL
• Identify the benefits of PL/SQL Subprograms
• Overview of the types of PL/SQL blocks
• Create a Simple Anonymous Block
• How to generate output from a PL/SQL Block?

III. Declare PL/SQL Identifiers

• List the different Types of Identifiers in a PL/SQL subprogram
• Usage of the Declarative Section to Define Identifiers
• Use variables to store data
• Identify Scalar Data Types
• The %TYPE Attribute
• What are Bind Variables?
• Sequences in PL/SQL Expressions

IV. Write Executable Statements

• Describe Basic PL/SQL Block Syntax Guidelines
• Learn to Comment the Code
• Deployment of SQL Functions in PL/SQL
• How to convert Data Types?
• Describe Nested Blocks
• Identify the Operators in PL/SQL

V. Interaction with the Oracle Server

• Invoke SELECT Statements in PL/SQL
• Retrieve Data in PL/SQL
• SQL Cursor concept
• Avoid Errors by using Naming Conventions when using Retrieval and DML Statements
• Data Manipulation in the Server using PL/SQL
• Understand the SQL Cursor concept
• Use SQL Cursor Attributes to Obtain Feedback on DML
• Save and Discard Transactions

VI. Control Structures

• Conditional processing using IF Statements
• Conditional processing using CASE Statements
• Describe simple Loop Statement
• Describe While Loop Statement
• Describe For Loop Statement
• Use the Continue Statement

VII. Composite Data Types

• Use PL/SQL Records
• The %ROWTYPE Attribute
• Insert and Update with PL/SQL Records
• INDEX BY Tables
• Examine INDEX BY Table Methods
• Use INDEX BY Table of Records

VIII. Explicit Cursors

• What are Explicit Cursors?
• Declare the Cursor
• Open the Cursor
• Fetch data from the Cursor
• Close the Cursor
• Cursor FOR loop
• The %NOTFOUND and %ROWCOUNT Attributes
• Describe the FOR UPDATE Clause and WHERE CURRENT Clause

IX. Exception Handling

• Understand Exceptions
• Handle Exceptions with PL/SQL
• Trap Predefined Oracle Server Errors
• Trap Non-Predefined Oracle Server Errors
• Trap User-Defined Exceptions
• Propagate Exceptions
• RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR Procedure

X. Stored Procedures

• Create a Modularized and Layered Subprogram Design
• Modularize Development With PL/SQL Blocks
• Understand the PL/SQL Execution Environment
• List the benefits of using PL/SQL Subprograms
• List the differences between Anonymous Blocks and Subprograms
• Create, Call, and Remove Stored Procedures
• Implement Procedures Parameters and Parameters Modes
• View Procedure Information

XI. Stored Functions and Debugging Subprograms

• Create, Call, and Remove a Stored Function
• Identify the advantages of using Stored Functions
• Identify the steps to create a stored function
• Invoke User-Defined Functions in SQL Statements
• Restrictions when calling Functions
• Control side effects when calling Functions
• View Functions Information
• How to debug Functions and Procedures?

XII. Packages

• Listing the advantages of Packages
• Describe Packages
• What are the components of a Package?
• Develop a Package
• How to enable visibility of a Package’s Components?
• Create the Package Specification and Body using the SQL CREATE Statement and SQL Developer
• Invoke the Package Constructs
• View the PL/SQL Source Code using the Data Dictionary

XIII. Deploying Packages

• Overloading Subprograms in PL/SQL
• Use the STANDARD Package
• Use Forward Declarations to solve Illegal Procedure Reference
• Implement Package Functions in SQL and Restrictions
• Persistent State of Packages
• Persistent State of a Package Cursor
• Control side effects of PL/SQL Subprograms
• Invoke PL/SQL Tables of Records in Packages

XIV. Implement Oracle-Supplied Packages in Application Development

• What are Oracle-Supplied Packages?
• Examples of some of the Oracle-Supplied Packages
• How does the DBMS_OUTPUT Package work?
• Use the UTL_FILE Package to Interact with Operating System Files
• Invoke the UTL_MAIL Package
• Write UTL_MAIL Subprograms

XV. Dynamic SQL

• The Execution Flow of SQL
• What is Dynamic SQL?
• Declare Cursor Variables
• Dynamically Executing a PL/SQL Block
• Configure Native Dynamic SQL to Compile PL/SQL Code
• How to invoke DBMS_SQL Package?
• Implement DBMS_SQL with a Parameterized DML Statement
• Dynamic SQL Functional Completeness

XVI. Design Considerations for PL/SQL Code

• Standardize Constants and Exceptions
• Understand Local Subprograms
• Write Autonomous Transactions
• Implement the NOCOPY Compiler Hint
• Invoke the PARALLEL_ENABLE Hint
• The Cross-Session PL/SQL Function Result Cache
• The DETERMINISTIC Clause with Functions
• Usage of Bulk Binding to Improve Performance

XVII. Triggers

• Describe Triggers
• Identify the Trigger Event Types and Body
• Business Application Scenarios for Implementing Triggers
• Create DML Triggers using the CREATE TRIGGER Statement and SQL Developer
• Identify the Trigger Event Types, Body, and Firing (Timing)
• Differences between Statement Level Triggers and Row Level Triggers
• Create Instead of and Disabled Triggers
• How to Manage, Test and Remove Triggers?

XVIII. Creating Compound, DDL, and Event Database Triggers

• What are Compound Triggers?
• Identify the Timing-Point Sections of a Table Compound Trigger
• Understand the Compound Trigger Structure for Tables and Views
• Implement a Compound Trigger to Resolve the Mutating Table Error
• Comparison of Database Triggers to Stored Procedures
• Create Triggers on DDL Statements
• Create Database-Event and System-Events Triggers
• System Privileges Required to Manage Triggers

XIX.  PL/SQL Compiler

• What is the PL/SQL Compiler?
• Describe the Initialization Parameters for PL/SQL Compilation
• List the new PL/SQL Compile Time Warnings
• Overview of PL/SQL Compile Time Warnings for Subprograms
• List the benefits of Compiler Warnings
• List the PL/SQL Compile Time Warning Messages Categories
• Setting the Warning Messages Levels: Using SQL Developer, PLSQL_WARNINGS Initialization Parameter, and the DBMS_WARNING View Compiler Warnings: Using SQL Developer, SQL*Plus, or the Data Dictionary Views

XX. Manage PL/SQL Code

• What Is Conditional Compilation?
• Implement Selection Directives
• Invoke Predefined and User-Defined Inquiry Directives
• The PLSQL_CCFLAGS Parameter and the Inquiry Directive
• Conditional Compilation Error Directives to Raise User-Defined Errors
• The DBMS_DB_VERSION Package
• Write DBMS_PREPROCESSOR Procedures to Print or Retrieve Source Text
• Obfuscation and Wrapping PL/SQL Code

XXI. Manage Dependencies

• Overview of Schema Object Dependencies
• Query Direct Object Dependencies using the USER_DEPENDENCIES View
• Query an Object’s Status
• Invalidation of Dependent Objects
• Display the Direct and Indirect Dependencies
• Fine-Grained Dependency Management in Oracle Database 11g
• Understand Remote Dependencies
• Recompile a PL/SQL Program Unit